Continuity Editing
This is my understanding of continuity editing, It is a process used in films when shooting the same scene again but with the camera at a different position or angle. When shooting the scene again they have to make sure that the set props and costume match from the previous scene if they don't this is something called continuity error, and can really ruin the scene for the viewer and takes the viewer away from the film felling realistic.
180 Degree Rule
The 180 degree rule is a camera angle that centers around two character. When using the 180 degree rule you create a imaginary line in between the two characters. This line is called the axis while shooting you must keep the camera on one side of the axis line while focusing on the characters, if you go over the imaginary axis this can disorientate the viewer and confuse them and lose the sense of whats happening and when the scene is happening. When the camera crosses the axis this is called jumping the line or crossing the line.
Eyeline Match
Eyeline match is a technique usually when the camera is focused on try character looking at something off-screen or talking to someone off-screen, then with the next camera shot the show the viewer what the character was looking at or talking to and they make sure that when the two clips are put together that the eye line actually meet, If not this can really ruin the scene for the viewer.
Match-On-Action
Is a technique used when you have a continuous action scene like a chase but you use different camera angle through out it, and make sure that all the clips blend together and flow fluently if not this can really ruin the scene for the viewer and look really bad and make the scene make no sense.